OT vs speech therapy for toddlers: which first?

Understanding the difference helps clarify what each therapy offers. Speech pathologists work on communication, language understanding and expression, and swallowing difficulties. Occupational therapists focus on everyday functional skills—how your child plays, manages self-care like feeding and toileting, and responds to sensory input (textures, sounds, movement). These areas often overlap; for example, a child with feeding difficulties might see both a speech pathologist (swallowing) and occupational therapist (self-feeding skills and sensory sensitivities around food).

In Australia, access pathways vary. Through the NDIS, eligible children aged under 7 can access therapy supports. The 2025-26 NDIS Pricing Arrangements list occupational therapy at approximately $150–$200 per hour and speech pathology at similar rates, depending on your state and therapist qualifications. If your child isn't NDIS-eligible, Medicare offers 10 allied health services per year through your GP's referral (rebates vary). Private therapy costs $80–$250+ per session.

Your next step: book an appointment with your GP or paediatrician. Describe the specific concerns—is it words, understanding, play, movement, eating, or sensory responses? They'll refer you to the appropriate therapist or recommend assessment by a psychologist or speech pathologist to identify needs. Don't wait for one therapy to 'finish' before starting another if both are needed; coordinated support often works better.

If you're unsure whether your child needs therapy, the Australian Developmental Screening Test (ADST) or your child health nurse can help identify developmental concerns. AHPRA-registered therapists (check the AHPRA register) follow evidence-based practice, so either profession will provide quality care when indicated.